What we see today was built mostly between the 14th–17th centuries and its architectural style can be described as mix of Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque styles. However the hill has been inhabited since the Paleolithic era, and the first stone buildings appeared in the 10th century. It was probably a seat of a local duke. There are still remains of that period and you will see them in the castle's lower chambers.
Starting in the 11th century, Wawel became the seat of Polish royalty. Throughout the centuries it became a symbol of national identity and a unity of the country.
During the Renaissance, under King Sigismund I, the castle was transformed into a grand palace. Italian architects brought in a strong Renaissance flair, especially in the elegant arcaded courtyard.
It remained a central hub of political power until the capital moved to Warsaw in the 16th century during the reign of Sigismundus III Vasa. However Krakow still remained official capital of Poland and a place where coronation ceremonies took place. Also the kings were buried in the Castel's cathedral..
Unfortunately, former residence of Polish kings suffered looting and damage during the 17th-century wars and the Partitions of Poland. It was later used as military barracks during the Austrian occupation. In times of WWII it was a residence of German Governor Hans Frank.
Things to see at the Wawel Hill
What you can see there today is before all State Rooms - lavishly decorated royal chambers with tapestries, paintings, and period furniture. In the Royal Apartments you will have an insight into how Polish monarchs lived.
Royal regalia, weapons, and priceless artifacts are displayed in the Crown Treasury and Armory.
Separate building on the hill, next to the Castle is Wawel Cathedral. It is where Polish kings were crowned and buried – as you can descend to the Royal Tombs.
A special kind of atraction is the Dragon’s Den (Smocza Jama). It is a cave below the hill linked to the legendary Wawel Dragon 🐉. Obviously it is a big hit with kids and fantasy fans.
The place stays generally open to the public all year. Although remember that different exhibitions have separate tickets. Best time to visit is spring to early fall for pleasant weather and fewer crowds than peak summer. There are guided tours available in multiple languages.
It’s stunning but can get busy, so a little planning goes a long way. Here are some practical and insider tips to help you make the most of your trip:
Before You Go
1. Buy Tickets in Advance
Popular exhibits (like the Crown Treasury, Royal Apartments, and State Rooms) have limited timed entries. You can buy tickets onlne through the official Wawel Castle website or local tourism portals.
Some exhibitions are free on Mondays, but get there early - lines can be l long and spots limited.
2. Check What’s Open
Not all parts of the castle are open every day or year-round. Some exhibitions are seasonal or close for maintenance. For exampel the Cathedral and Dragon’s Den have separate entry rules and may be closed in winter.
3. Timing Your Visit
Arrive early (right after opening, around 9:00 AM) to beat crowds, especially in high season (May–September). Allocate at least 2–4 hours, especially if you want to see multiple exhibitions, explore the Cathedral, and enjoy the grounds.
If you're short on time, prioritize: State Rooms, Crown Treasury and Armory, Wawel Cathedral.
4. Take a Guided Tour or Audio Guide
The guided tours (in English and other languages) are worth it - great context and stories. Howvere self-guided audio tours are available and ideal if you like going at your own pace.
5. Wear comfortable shoes
Therer are cobblestone paths, stairs, and hills. No, it is not rocky like Knossos in Crete and inside you will find marble or parquette but whole structure was build ages ago and it is on a hill.
6. Bonus Tip
There’s a gift shop on-site with beautiful Polish crafts, books, and souvenirs - great for unique keepsakes.
Other info
When it comes to food and drink there’s a small café inside the castle complex (usually near the ticket office). On the other side you will find plenty of restaurants and cafés just below the hill in Kraków’s Old Town - perfect for lunch or coffee after your visit.
How can you get there? It is located right in central Kraków - just a 10-15 min walk from the Main Market Square. But there are also several tram lines with stops near th Castle